members of one of the many mainland demes. Thus, a person from Salamis might be called Kleagoras Acharneus, not Kleagoras Salaminios. From our textual sources we learn that Salamis did not become part [...] the transition at Athens from a weak, inward looking polis to the regional superpower it was to become in the fifth century, was a short process confined to the years between 510-480 BC, and prompted by [...] autonomous king of Salamis, which suggests that the island was perceived as an independent entity from an early age. More importantly, a combination of literary and epigraphic sources show that the Athenians